<item><hi format=bold>Birth rate:</hi> 28.69 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Death rate:</hi> 8.87 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Net migration rate:</hi> -0.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Infant mortality rate:</hi> 76.4 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Life expectancy at birth:</hi>
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>total population:</hi> 60.79 years
<item>• <hi format=ital>male:</hi> 58.91 years
<item>• <hi format=ital>female:</hi> 62.76 years (1994 est.)
</list>
<item><hi format=bold>Total fertility rate:</hi> 3.77 children born/woman (1994 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Nationality:</hi>
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>noun:</hi> Egyptian(s)
<item>• <hi format=ital>adjective:</hi> Egyptian
</list>
<item><hi format=bold>Ethnic divisions:</hi> Eastern Hamitic stock (Egyptians, Bedouins, and Berbers) 99%, Greek, Nubian, Armenian, other European (primarily Italian and French) 1%
<item><hi format=bold>Religions:</hi> Muslim (mostly Sunni) 94% (official estimate), Coptic Christian and other 6% (official estimate)
<item><hi format=bold>Languages:</hi> Arabic (official), English and French widely understood by educated classes
<item><hi format=bold>Literacy:</hi> age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Labor force:</hi> 15 million (1992 est.)
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>by occupation:</hi> government, public sector enterprises, and armed forces 36%, agriculture 34%, privately owned service and manufacturing enterprises 20% (1984)
<item>• <hi format=ital>note:</hi> shortage of skilled labor; 2,500,000 Egyptians work abroad, mostly in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf Arab states (1993 est.)